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Wednesday, January 9, 2013

Cervical Disc Replacement; Cervical Collar ;Cervical Cancer Treatment – An Overview; Cervical Cancer Treatment

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 Cervical Disc Replacement; Cervical Collar ;Cervical Cancer Treatment – An Overview; Cervical Cancer Treatment
Cervical Disc Replacement
 Surgical replacement of disc from your spine is done to relieve the nerves or the spinal cord from the pressure of the slipped disc of your spine. The slipped disc can happen anywhere in spine either in thoracic region, lumbar region, or the cervical region.

In severe cases surgery is recommended. The surgery carried out has two main purposes- removal or replacement of the disc and to fuse the spinal vertebra joints. The surgery carried out for cervical disc replacement is carried out for cervical discectomy.


 In medical terms its called anterior cervical discectomy. In this surgery to carry out cervical disc replacement, the laproscopic machine is inserted in the cervical spine through an incision in front of the neck. When the surgery machine reaches there, it is commanded to replace the slipped disc and make the area free from exertion. After the cervical disc replacement, the gap of the joint is maintained by using the technique of bone graft. In bone graft method, small portion of bone is taken from other part of the body and inserted into the area of operation. The main purpose is to fuse the vertebra joints. The fusing of the bones take its own time.

The cervical replacement of the discs has some post operational complications. The most common complication is pain in the site of the incision. Besides that clotting, fever, redness in the area of incision etc are some of the minor symptoms that gradually moves off with time. For this reason you need complete supervision of a doctor after the surgery till 4-5 months when you become perfectly fit. Even after that, you would be advised to make careful movements of your neck and take precautions that you don't exert pressure of any kind till six to eight months.
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Cervical Collar

 The cervical spine is a very critical part of your body. The cervical area is the junction of all the nerves of the body parts to carry the messages or impulses to the brain. The bones of the spine protect the spinal cord that runs down through the spinal canal. All important nerves of sensation and strength of arms and legs, and those controlling the bladder and the bowel movements are carried through the spinal cord. An injury to the area can cause severe damage to the nerves resulting in complications that can cost you and you may become weak and fragile in the coming days.

The injury to the nerves in the area can happen due to a herniated disc or the protruding disc on the nerves in the spinal canal. How can your cervical collar prevent your injury to the nerves?


 Before we understand how the collar protects the neck from injury, lets have a discussion on the herniated neck. In herniation or bulging disc due to old age or injury, the bones of the vertebra joints of the spine near the neck compress and expand hurting the nerves or muscles attached. This can result in pain and more complications. Now if you go on moving your neck without caution, the disc may injure the nerves more and more and you will moan in pain.

Hence, the cervical collar provided by your doctor or physiotherapist fits your neck. It is rigid support and doesn't allow you to make movements of your neck. For this reason, the collars are provided as a treatment option for neck pain, if you don't move, there is less possibility of the nerves to get hurt and deteriorating more. The collar is made up of plastic that has an anatomical structure to catch the neck in shape.
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Cervical Cancer Treatment – An Overview

 Cervical cancer is a serious type of disease that occurs in women and affects the reproductive organs. Cervix is that portion of the body that connects the uterus to the vagina. In cervical cancer there is an abnormal growth of malignant cells in this area. The main cause of this growth of cells is a sexually transmitted infection known as human papillomavirus. This condition occurs quite late in  women. Women in the age bracket 30 to 35 are at risk. This is because younger  women have much stronger  immune systems.  Cervical cancer needs to be treated at the earliest as it is a life threatening condition and can adversely affect  reproductive capacities. The earlier this disease is tracked the more the chances are of a recovery.

Regarding the treatment for cervical cancer, it generally depends on the stage of that the disease is discovered in.

Treatment methods are classified accordingly into two types – Pre invasive treatment methods and Invasive treatment methods.


 Pre invasive treatment methods
In the earlier stages of the disease, the infected cells are still in the outer layer of the cervix and thus removing them become easier.

LEEP or Loop electrosurgical excision procedure – in this method electric current is passed used through a wire to remove the infected cells.
Cryosurgery – Liquid nitrogen is given to the cervix area through a probe to remove the cancerous cells.
Laser ablation - Laser rays are used to remove the defected cells.

Apart from these three the Conization, Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy, Hysterectomy, The DaVinci® Robot, Cervical Cancer Vaccine

Invasive treatment methods -
Hysterectomy- in this method the cancerous cells, cervix and the uterus are removed so that the ovaries and the estrogen production remain intact. This is done in cases where the invasion is less than 3 millimeters.

Radical Hysterectomy – In cases where the invasion is more than 3 millimeters this treatment method is performed. Here the uterus, parts of the vagina and lymph nodes are extracted.

Lymphadenectomy- in this method the lymph nodes are surgically removed.

Radiation – in this method a machine called external beam radiation is used or radioactive seeds are implanted in the vagina and uterus itself. This method is generally used after surgery to reduce risks of it occurring again.  It also has some side effects like swelling, inflammation and also sometimes fatigue.

Chemotherapy – in this method toxic drugs are used to destroy the infected cells. Drugs like Cisplatin, fluorouracil are administered through injections or pills. These drugs may be used either as the sole method of treatment or in combination with radiation. This method of treatment may  have some side effects like nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and leukemia.
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Bulging Disc Treatment

 Bulging disc is a condition where there is a bit of protruding or bulging out of the discs in our body. But this is not so much a case of concern until and unless the bulging out narrows down your spinal canal and extra pressure is created on the spinal canal which ultimately can be the cause of pain. Bulging disc is not a condition which is only limited to children, it can also occur in adults. Regarding the diagnosis, the doctor would first ask for a physical test and medical history of the patient, thereafter a variety of diagnostic tests are asked to perform, this include CT or MRI Scan, even an X ray is done sometimes to apprehend the severity of your condition.

Now let us come to the vital part of our discussion which is regarding bulging disc treatment. Treatment would depend on the severity of the condition, the doctor only in very rare cases only orders for a surgery. Generally the doctor asks the patient to take some rest and strictly avoid those things that can trigger the pain, also it is imperative to mention here that a prolonged rest can only deteriorate your condition, so be careful.


 Medications that are generally given are the non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs. Analgesics, muscle relaxants, even narcrotics medications are prescribed sometimes, but before using any of the medication, always consult the doctor.

Another bulging disc treatment you can try out is cold ice and hot packs, both of them used according to one's condition can yield helpful results. A little bit of physical exercises like stretching ones. Yoga, walking, meditation can help you greatly.

The last and perhaps the best bulging disc treatment is surgery, if everything fails, the doctor uses it as a last weapon. But here the patient must be both mentally and physically prepared to face the surgery and also the situation after a surgery.
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Cervical Cancer Treatment


 Cervical cancer is a type of disease which severely affects the reproductive organs of a women. The main cause of this disease is a sexually transmitted infection called human papillomavirus. Generally the women's immune system do not allow the virus to attack but overtime it ultimately converts cervix cells into cancer cells. This is one of the reason for this disease occurring in women aged 30 to 35. Regarding the signs and symptoms they are not very clear in the early stages and only later when the disease had grown, it begins to show its affects. If one has serious vaginal bleeding after menopause, intercourse, or if the vaginal discharge produces foul smell, and if one develops pelvic pain during intercourse they have potential chances of developing cervical cancer.

Now let us come to the most important point of our discussion  -  cervical cancer treatment. Now treatment for cervical cancer is divided into two on the basis of the time of the occurrence of the disease – the pre-invasive treatment and the invasive treatment.


 In the pre- invasive stage where the virus is only in the outer layer of the cervix the following  cervical cancer treatment are opted for -Conization, Laser surgery, Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), Cryosurgery and Hysterectomy. All these methods are basically surgeries to remove the infected cells.

For cervical cancer treatment for the invasive stage, a lot of options are available, let us discuss a few important and effective ones.

Hysterectomy is one of the options where there is removal of the cancer. This is done when there is an invasion of less than 3 millimeters. Whereas in cases where the invasion is more than 3 millimeters  radical Hysterectomy is performed whereby uterus, lymph nodes in the affected area, and parts of vagina are removed. Radical trachelectomy is a surgical method where parts of uterus, lymph nodes are removed. Radiation is also a useful cervical cancer treatment whereby through rays the cancer cells are killed. Chemotherapy is another useful method to try.

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